The SpotLight Kenya

CLICK HERE TO GET SOAP MAKING E-BOOK A soapmaker should ensure the calculation for the ingredients needed for making a bar soap is done accordingly to reduce the waste of ingredients. If you are wondering how you can fill your soap mold without wasting your ingredients then these examples will assist you. Example 1(rectangular soap mold) Let say, you want to make 100% bar soap and you have a rectangular bar soap mold with the length 17cm, width 10cm, and the height 6cm. The first step is to calculate the volume of your rectangular mold (L X W X H). After getting the volume of the mold multiply it by 0.40 to get the amount of oil or fat you will use. Insert the volume of fat/oil you obtained in a lye calculator(available online) .  Lye calculator will give you the exact amount of other ingredients such as the amount of sodium hydroxide to use. However, in this example, we are using only coconut oil and a base (sodium hydroxide). Volume of the soap mould= 17c...

As a beginner in Real estate business, getting your first property is always a challenge. If the investor does not know what to look for, then chances of failing in the real estate business are so high. What should an investor consider to be successful in real estate industry and buy a first investment property with ease? The following seven tips answer this question. A close area to your home One should look for an area close to his or her home. A property near investor’s home will help in determining whether the real estate business is growing or not. Besides, it enables the investor to get access to brokers who operate in that area quickly and get the required information from them. Value investment Strives to be a value investor, who acquires property according to its overall value, both short and long terms. A value investor looks for a property with both capital gains and cash flow.  Capital gains, means you are buying the property at low prices and sell...

Selling on Amazon is great opportunity for everyone and many people are making six-figures doing it. Yet, the competition is so high; this often makes many people not to sell products on Amazon. How are you going to make your product(s) stand out on Amazon to sell more products? The following tips will assist you in bypassing the competition. Optimize the keyword of the product title  Give your product a title that will match what people in your niche are searching for. Do not make your product brand name the title or other words which people are not looking for. People are looking for products that will solve their problems. Thus, try to make the title that offers the solutions to customers’ problems. Always give your product an excellent keyword phrase that will make it organically ranked best. Since the Amazon pays attention to the first few title words to rank the products, one should make title to appear on the first page.  Make the product picture visibl...

The rate of reaction of a particular reaction often increases as one increase the temperature. However, how can this belief be proved using Arrhenius equation? According to the Arrhenius equation, the rate constant (k) is obtained by the ratio of Ea to RT, in which Ea denotes required energy while RT is the available thermal energy. The Arrhenius Equation is given by: k=Ae - (Ea/RT) When Ea is larger, it results in slower reactions. On the other hand, when RT is large, it leads to faster rate of reaction. Larger Ea gives smaller rate constant k, but larger RT produces larger rate constant (k). Larger rate constant increases the rate of reactions.  By using Arrhenius equation, one can easily see that when the temperature is increased, the rate constant will also increase. Let us consider these two scenarios. In the first scenario, Ea=120,000 Joules/mole, R=8.31 mol -1 K -1 , and K=373K.In the second scenario, Ea=120,000Joules/mole, R=8.31 mol -1 K -1 , and K...

Heart anatomy overview Heart anatomy is looked from the right side of the supine patient using a median sternotomy incision. The heart structures which are always seen at this viewpoint encompass the aorta, pulmonary artery, right atrium, right ventricle and superior vena cava. The medial movement of the heart on the right side shows the right pulmonary veins and right atrium. While medial movement on the left side of the heart reveals the left pulmonary veins, left ventricle apex and left atrium. Posterior view  Summary of a case Study The case study is about Dr. Baker and Tiffany, a mother of a son(Caleb) who has cardiac problems. Caleb appeared to be breathing too hard and was unable to eat. Tiffany did not understand the condition of her son. She tried all methods which could assist her son. However, all were not successful. She became aware of Caleb’s condition when she brought him for his one-month check-up. Dr. Baker checked Caleb for a full day of m...

The Scientific method consists of six stages. These steps are research question identification, literature review, hypothesis formulation, variables operationalization, data collection, data analysis and testing of hypothesis. Research question identification It is the initial stage of a scientific method. The researcher may have several questions about a topic. However, not all these questions can result in scientific research. Researcher should choose research questions that can sufficiently provide information about the researcher’s topic of interest. Literature review  This the second stage of a scientific method. Researchers have to inform themselves satisfactorily. They can only achieve this by examining relevant literature related to their topics of interest. This stage helps the researcher to learn more from already known information about interest topics. Furthermore, it aids them in coming up with new research questions. Hypothesis formulation This is ...

I nfidelity in human relationships maybe as a result of genetic influence, research reveals.  Various studies have linked infidelity in human relationships to a particular type of gene, AVPR1A variation. Researchers discovered that the human version of AVPR1A examination in volves, appear to have adverse impacts on men’s relationships with their partners. Volves are mouse-like animals. According to research conducted by Jenae Neiderhiser and colleagues indicates that men who are in a stable relationship for at least five years and have one or two copies of ‘allele 334’ seem to be less bonded to their wives as compared to men who possess other types of genes. Janae Neiderhiser is a professor of psychology at Penn State. Besides, their findings show that women who were in a relationship with these men reported less cohesion, consensus, and affection in their relationships. Surprisingly, these women reported high levels of marital satisfaction as compared to women in ...

Sometimes it becomes a tiresome job for a real estate investor to differentiate between good and bad property deals. In many instances, several investors land on bad deals. But with the numbers in the pro forma and the aid of Real Estate Evaluator , the quest process is always successful. Pro forma contains many items; however, one should pay attention to the following for a good deal. Location Location indicates whether the deal is good or not. The property which is located away from the main business hub often has low prices. Properties in the upscale areas attract high prices. A property with lower prices than average prices in a particular area is recommended. Price per square foot or cost per unit When comparing properties with many units, price unit or cost per square foot is important. In some situations, a buyer can find a deal with high cost per unit. Nevertheless, when the units of a property are larger and with good footage than the average units in the area,...

Alcohol is one of top three problems in public health. It is the third global leading cause of premature death and ill-health. For, instance, in Europe, ethanol (alcohol) is the third risk factor for mortality and disease, after high blood pressure and tobacco. Over the past years, the misuse of therapeutic and the use of illegal drugs have increased significantly. Their effects are evidenced in different parts of the world. The adverse effects of substance abuse and alcohol cannot be accentuated. Every community is fighting it. According to research (KMS workers based in Nairobi) conducted by  Pamela N. Kaithuru , the Catholic University of Eastern Africa in Kenya reveals that 33% of workers drink alcohol. She further argues that alcohol has an effect on the quality and rate of work.  49% of interviewees agreed that alcohol results in reduced work rate and poor quality of work. According to  NACADA (National Agency for Campaign Against Drugs Authority)...

Giving your child brighter future is the most important thing in one's life. In this age there are various  ways you can make the future of your child brighter, for instance, providing your child with the quality of education. The most viable method you can ensure you child gets a quality education is by having a plan how to fund his or her future education. Funding child's future education without problems in the future can be achieved through insurance companies or other investments. There are various insurance companies in Kenya which offer Education Plan . However, some have advantages over others regarding service delivery to their customers.  DOWNLOAD THE LIST HERE , it encompasses top seven insurance companies in Kenya that provide Education Plan. The list also consists of policy description and benefits of some Education Plans offered by these companies. Before one chooses any Education Plan from any   insurance company in Kenya , one should know the ...

Preparation of sugar canes takes place in a Pre-mill section in sugar processing industries. Preparation involves; cutting sugar canes into small pieces by cutters and shredders. This prepares sugar canes for milling to ensure maximum extraction of juice from the canes. Reducing sugar canes into small pieces increases their surface area hence enables the mills to press them against each other to extract maximum sugar juice. In most sugar processing industries, there are two cutters or shredders (first and second). The first cutter deals with cutting sugar canes into small pieces. On the other hand, second cutter tenders or masks the sugar canes into sugar cane fibres. Main and Auxiliary Cane Carriers transport sugar canes from pre-mills to mills. Auxiliary Cane Carrier starts from the Cane Tables. The Main Cane Carrier commences from cutters (1 and 2). Along the Main Cane Carrier from cutter two, there is a presence of permanent magnet which traps any magnetic materials tha...

  These are some of the plant parts (leaves, roots, bark, etc.) people should avoid during the time of pregnancy. Bold-there is less research on its adverse effects during pregnancy. However, it can affect the fetus. Coffee tree-it reduces the growth of fetal. Licorice-when used for an extended period it causes hypertension. Mugwort- it leads to the risk of abortion and emmenagogue (upsurges menstrual flow. Pomegranate-its bark contains toxic alkaloids, hence can cause fetal alteration. Parsley- it can result in a risk of abortion and emmenagogue. Rhubarb- it causes congestion of the pelvic, and it is purgative. Sage- it stimulates the release of oxytocin and also causes the contraction of the uterus. Saffron-when taken to a high dosages results in abortion risks. Tansy- stimulates the menstrual flow and abortion risks. Jalap- it is purgative, it causes risk of abortion and increases the menstrual flow. Fraxinella- it upsurges the menstrual flow and abort...

A diagram below outlines the steps for development of a new drug. 

Key: E.L-Essence layer F.W- Flora water Process Explanation Flow diagram shows how one can distil essence or essential oil plants’ materials. In the diagram, water is heated to boiling point which in turn heats the plant materials to vaporize active ingredients in them. Water vapor that carries active components of plants’ materials is made to pass through a cooling circuit. Distilled liquid is then steeped where it separates into two layers (fractions):          Flora water           Essence/essential oil Essential oil/essence occurs on upper layer because it is insoluble in water and less dense than flora water. In some circumstances, a small amount of essential exists in flora water. The extracted essence and flora water can be applied in various industrial processes such as in perfumery, cosmetics, and production of soaps etc.

In the human body, phenacetin is metabolized into two compounds, a minor (hydroxamic acid) product and a major product (paracetamol). One of the processes encompasses the replacing ethyl group (CH3CH2-) with a hydrogen atom (H) at carbon number four. The other process involves removal of hydrogen from a nitrogen atom and then replacing it with a hydroxyl group (OH-). The first process results in the formation of paracetamol while the second process leads to the formation of hydroxamic acid. It is believed that hydroxamic acid contributes to the toxicity of phenacetin since it binds strongly to metal ions. The following figure shows what takes place during the phenacetin metabolism process.

Peptic ulcers are wounds that occur in the human lower throat (oesophagus), intestine and stomach. Peptic ulcers are often caused by Helicobacter pylori bacteria. Stomach ulcer common signs are upper abdominal pains, belching, weight loss, poor appetite, and vomiting.  The abdominal pain is always characterized by a dull ache. Some types of foods exacerbate peptic ulcers’ condition while others aid in its healing process. Therefore, people who are suffering from stomach ulcers should strictly follow their diets. The following foods help peptic ulcers’ healing process.  Whole grains Whole grains comprise of low fat and sugar but high fibre which speeds up the ulcer healing process. Whole grains also contain zinc that aid in body’s healing process. Foods that are high in fat spend a lot of time in the stomach, this trigger voluminous production of hydrochloric acid that worsens peptic ulcer conditions. Fruits and vegetables Fruits and vegetables l...