Do you know fake tans can be made from glucose!!

Fake tan is cosmetic use by some people to decorate their bodies. When it is applied on the body it takes approximately  one week then it wears out. What does it compose of? and how can it be made from glucose? Chemical component is dihydoxy acetone which is a three carbons ketone compound in which hydoxyl group is attached at carbon number one, at carbon number two is a keto-group while at carbon number three a phosphate group is attached. From glycolytic pathway we know that at step four we have DHAP(dihydoxy acetone 3-phosphate) and aldehyde 3-phosphate which are derived/formed from fructose 1,6-bisphosphate catalyzes by fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. These two compounds can be converted to one another by an enzyme(isomeraze enzyme). At this particular point DHAP can be directed to a path in which dephosphorylation occurs to yield dihydroxy acetone(fake tan). Fake tan acts on skin by reacting with amino acids of the skin thus forming a permanent color on the skin but since the skin is shed constantly this color last on the skin approximately one week.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

How to write a Forensic Case Study: Murder of Junko Furuta

Image
Photo of Junko Furuta  For one to score high marks in a Forensic Case Study, one must  adhere to the following: Background of the case: This section contains details about the crime. It includes; the reasons for committing the offense, the conditions which the crime was committed, the circumstances of the crime scene and clear identification of the suspect(s) and the victim(s). One should ensure that the information in this part gives a precise idea of what the case is all about.   Pick and Write an article on Iwriter Website Evidence: This encompasses the piece of evidence found at the crime scene. The evidence should be described in details, that is, ways in which the evidence was collected, processed and preserved.   Forensic Tests: The tests should be two or more that were used to analyze the evidence. The science or theory of instrumentation used must be described fully.   Results: This consists of a detailed explanation of the forensic ...
Read more

Roles of Sodium Carbonate when Extracting Caffeine from Tea Leaves

Image
A student failed to add sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) when extracting caffeine from tea leaves with hot water. Though, high yield of caffeine was produced. The crystals melted at temperatures between 202  and 214 degree  Celsius. Explain. This happened because sodium carbonate did not interfere with the caffeine content of the tea leaves. Sodium carbonate (which is a base) deprotonates the phenolic hydroxyl group (-OH) (acidic) of tannins rendering them anionic. Hence, making them highly soluble in water, but parsimoniously soluble in methylene chloride. So, if sodium carbonate is not added when extracting caffeine with hot water, the extracted caffeine would also contain tannins. Additionally, sodium carbonate is added during the extraction to keep caffeine (an alkaloid which is an organic base)  in a free base form. It prevents caffeine from reacting with available acid available, which may lead to the formation cation. It reacts with a phenolic h...
Read more

Arrhenius equation: Increasing temperature increases the rate reaction

Image
The rate of reaction of a particular reaction often increases as one increase the temperature. However, how can this belief be proved using Arrhenius equation? According to the Arrhenius equation, the rate constant (k) is obtained by the ratio of Ea to RT, in which Ea denotes required energy while RT is the available thermal energy. The Arrhenius Equation is given by: k=Ae - (Ea/RT) When Ea is larger, it results in slower reactions. On the other hand, when RT is large, it leads to faster rate of reaction. Larger Ea gives smaller rate constant k, but larger RT produces larger rate constant (k). Larger rate constant increases the rate of reactions.  By using Arrhenius equation, one can easily see that when the temperature is increased, the rate constant will also increase. Let us consider these two scenarios. In the first scenario, Ea=120,000 Joules/mole, R=8.31 mol -1 K -1 , and K=373K.In the second scenario, Ea=120,000Joules/mole, R=8.31 mol -1 K -1 , and K...
Read more