shampoo
Shampoos
The term “shampoo” has it origin from Hindustani language
(‘Hindustani people’ or ‘people of Hindusta’n also known as ‘Hindi people’ or
‘Hindavi’ are panethnicity primarily living in the Hindi belt region of India,
which is located in the Gangetic plain of India between the Himalayas and
Vindhyas) meaning to ‘squeeze’.
Originally shampoos were of soaps or a mixture of soaps, while synthetic
detergents were used majorly in commercial shampoos.
Shampoo is a preparation of surfactant(surface
active material) in a suitable forth either in liquid, or powder when applied
as specified conditions is capable of removing surface grease, dirt and skin
debris from the hair, shaft and scalp without affecting hair, scalp or the
health of the user.
Shampoo
types and forms
Shampoos are classified according to their physical
appearance, their special ingredients or properties. These forms include:
liquid clear shampoo, liquid creams/cream lotion shampoo, cream paste shampoos,
egg shampoos, herbal shampoos, dry shampoos, liquid dry shampoos, color
shampoos and aerosol shampoos and others. Formulations below are the examples
of two forms of shampoo liquid shampoo and liquid cream/cream lotion
shampoo.
Liquid
shampoo
This form of shampoo composed of potassium salt, but
when it is based on synthetic it is a triethanolamine salt. They are also made
from sulfonated oil and oftenly promoted as oil shampoo or hot shampoos. The
formulation of this form may contain mineral oil which does not rinse out
easily and thereby remains as a dressing on the hair.
Formulation
of liquid shampoo
Ingredients amount
in percentage (%)
Coconut oil 14%
Olive oil 3%
Castor oil 3%
Potassium hydroxide 85% 5%
Glycerol 2%
Ethyl alcohol 4
%
Sodium hexametaphosphate 1 %
Perfume 0.3%
Water 68%
Liquid
cream/cream lotion shampoo
This form specializes on conditioning action whereby
the hair is more lustrous, softer and easier to manage. Some of them contain
lanolin, others dispersed egg powder and greater percentages contain
ethanolamines of higher fatty acids which are best in their conditioning action.
The formulation is as follows:
Ingredients amount
in percentage (%)
Triethanolamine lauryl sulfate (C10 to C18)
35%
Sodium alginate 2.5%
Water 62.5%
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