A student failed to add sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) when extracting caffeine from tea leaves with hot water. Though, high yield of caffeine was produced. The crystals melted at temperatures between 202 and 214 degree Celsius. Explain. This happened because sodium carbonate did not interfere with the caffeine content of the tea leaves. Sodium carbonate (which is a base) deprotonates the phenolic hydroxyl group (-OH) (acidic) of tannins rendering them anionic. Hence, making them highly soluble in water, but parsimoniously soluble in methylene chloride. So, if sodium carbonate is not added when extracting caffeine with hot water, the extracted caffeine would also contain tannins. Additionally, sodium carbonate is added during the extraction to keep caffeine (an alkaloid which is an organic base) in a free base form. It prevents caffeine from reacting with available acid available, which may lead to the formation cation. It reacts with a phenolic h...
this gentleman think electrolysis can be the best method. Read this!!
ReplyDeletehere's a light bulb moment.
if you do a 2 stage process, electrolysis can separate the water into hydrogen and oxygen without effecting the glycerol.
here's why:
for electrolysis separation to occur, the substance you wish to separate must be an electrolyte.
water is an electrolyte, but glycerol (aka glycerin) is not.
so the water will turn to gas while the glycerol stays in it's molecular form.
how to separate the salts is, to me, undiscovered.
however, if you need an extremely dry, air tight chamber for testing electrostatic experiments, this is simple and cheep.
it only takes a few but no more than 12 volts DC to do so.
car battery anyone?
if you'd like, the gases released from this process are hydrogen and oxygen, so if you filter out the hydrogen and fuel your hydrogen fuel cell car then you're really got it good!